銆婄殑澹熼銆(🙉)嬫(🥖)崲涓昏(hūn )鐨(🏎)勫(fān )師鍥

1銆婄殑(🏠)澹熼銆嬬浉杈冧簬鍓嶄竴閮繃(👉)浜(📯)2骞翠簡锛岃惃绫陈风撼濉炲埄姣曠珶閮7宀佷簡(jiǎn )銆p

2鍙(👌)兘鏄洜涓恒婄殑澹熼銆嬬殑(qíng )鍓儏闇瑕(🔬)侊紝鐪嬪(🚞)(pín )埌銆婄殑澹熼銆嬫椂锛(bēn )屽氨宸(ché(🐁)n )茬粡(🍠)闅愰(🍝)殣鑳芥劅瑙夊埌锛(🍀)屼(🌩)富瑙掍滑宸茬粡(🔏)鍙樺緱鏈夌偣涓嶉偅涔(cé(🅿)n )堟縺鎯呬簡(jiǎn )銆p

3浼拌涔熸槸(yì )鍥犱负钀背路(lù )绾冲鍒嚜(🎨)韬殑椋庤(zhì )瘎锛(bēn )屾嵁璇(xuán )磋惃(gǔn )绫陈(🗄)风撼濉炲埄鍦敓娲(wā )讳腑锛屾槸涓浣嶈(🤝)劸姘斿緢涓嶅(áo )锛屽父甯镐笌浠(xī )栦汉(😫)(hàn )鍙(⬅)戠敓绾犵悍鐨勭(🏾)敺鏄(🔜)(tuán )燂(✂)紝2008骞磋(🌌)繕鍥(qiè )犱(jǐ )负鏃犺瘉(🏆)椹(zhēn )鹃锛岄唹閰(jú(📼) )掕秴閫熸挒浼鍔(🤶)汉(hàn )鍛樿閫崟锛岀患鍚堣冭檻锛岃惃绫陈(ché(🏰)n )风(🍅)(fēng )撼濉炲(tái )埄閮芥(🤽)槸涓(juān )嶉傚悎(👴)鍐嶅嚭婕斻(🐝)婄(🥪)(péi )殑澹熼銆(mò )嬩簡鐨(🛎)(fè(🕙)i )勩(😋)p

2銆label鏂板啝鑲虹値(🚷)琚瘉(🔣)瀹(🎈)炵殑涓(juān )嶅(🙉)疄浼犻(♟)(bó )椈閮芥湁鍝簺(🚊)

鍦姉鍑荤柅鎯呯殑鍏抽敭鏃跺(duò )埢锛屼(📎)笉鍏嶆湁浜(🌱)烘殫涓(🥃)犺埃锛(🎆)屽鑷(👸)翠汉蹇(👂)冩兌鎯讹紝(✴)浣(huàn )滀负(💻)涓涓(juān )湁閬撳痉鐨(fèi )勭埍鍥芥(💏)皯浼楋紝甯屾湜澶涓嶉犺埃锛(🏃)屼笉浼犺埃锛岃繖浜涜埃(🥗)瑷(ài )鍗冧竾锛屽(🥉)崈(🥕)涓囷(📊)紝(💉)鍗冧竾(🌲)涓嶈兘(🍑)鐩镐俊锛(🍁)p

姣斿鍓嶆鏃堕棿浼犲嚭鐨(👀)勨滈(hào )挓鍗(🛎)(tí )楀北闄琚紶(🐅)鏌撯(♿)濓紝绠鐩存槸鏃犵涔(cén )嬭皥銆p

鈥滃枬(ná(🍚)n )楂樺害閰(🐍)掑(🌔)彲浠姷鎶楁(🍤)柊(zhōng )鍨嬬梾姣掆濓紝75鐨勯厭绮惧彲浠潃鐏梾姣掞紝鍙互(🔤)鐢厭绮(🚢)炬摝鎷繘琛屾秷(zhì )姣掞紝鍙病璇(✅)磋鈥滃枬閰掆濄傛(yǒng )潕鍏板(bǎ(🥩)n )闄涔熷凡缁(zī )忓鏄庯細(🏷)鈥(🏹)滈厭绮惧彲浠敤(🌰)浜庢(zhì )秷姣掞紝(😗)浣嗕笉浠(🍩)鍠濋厭灏卞彲浠秷姣掆濄p

鈥滅(miè )洂姘存急鍙(🌥)兘闃叉柊(zhōng )鍨嬭偤鐐庘濃(🦃)滃悆澶挏鍙(hù )互闃(🥫)叉(🎄)柊鍨嬭偤鐐庘(yā )濓紝濡傛灉绠鍗曟急鍙氨(🌆)鑳(jiàn )介槻寰紝(🔲)鍙伓鐨(fè(🙄)i )勭梾姣掓(📔)(shū )棭灏变(biàn )笉浼氳繖(😽)涔堣(yú )倖铏愪簡(😈)銆(mò )p

鈥滄柊鍨嬬梾(lái )姣掍(hùn )細閫氳繃(bēng )瀹犵墿浼犳挱鈥濓(lián )紝鍥犱负杩欎(📂)竴璋瀵艰嚧濂藉瀹犵墿琚棤(cuò )杈滄畫瀹筹紝鎴戝彧鎯宠骞舵病鏈(💺)夎繖鍥炰(páo )簨锛(💢)屾(📣)(shēn )病(⛺)鏈夎(➰)瘉鎹笉瑕(xiá )佽儭涔辩寽娴(🍿)嬶紝瀹犵墿鏄(🔘)(tuá(🦑)n )棤杈滅殑銆p

闄涔嬪杩(👯)樻湁濂(🛍)藉(jiè )璋锛屾(😱)墍浠紝(✉)璇峰(fē(🐨)ng )瀹(😕)朵笉瑕佺浉淇墍璋(🕕)撶(🔰)殑璋锛岃鐩(suì )镐俊瀹樻(kuì )柟锛(💯)(bēn )屽彧瑕(xiá )佸畼鏂规病璇佸疄锛岄偅涔堣(yú )繖浠朵(duǒ )簨寰(huán )堟(zhuàn )湁(chì )鍙兘灏辨槸璋锛(😔)(bēn )侊紒锛p

鏈鍚(yáng )庡(📪)悜鎶(🍊)楀(🐽)嚮鐤儏鐨勫(💰)尰(🔂)(zhǒng )鎶伐(fá )浣滆呬滑鑷(niè(🎱) )存暚锛佷(🎋)綘浠緵鑻簡锛p

姝眽(🤐)鍔(🚿)(è )犳补(bǔ(🚤) )锛佷腑鍥(🤫)藉姞(🏃)娌癸(🚾)紒

3銆(mò )label鍒(🕚)(róu )板(🛣)閮芥槸闃充綘(🍴)杩樻暍(⬛)鍑洪(hóng )棬(juàn )鍚h3

璇(🍜)村疄璇濓紝(🚰)鐪熺殑涓嶆暍鍑洪(hóng )棬锛屽洜涓鸿繖(🎳)浜涘馃悘鐨勫澶氫簡锛屼粖澶澶紝灏辫(🍦)繛绐楁(🔚)埛閮戒(🤵)笉(♌)鏁墦寮閫氶锛屾亹鎬曚竴寮绐(dài )楃梾姣掗(yǎ )殢椋庝竴璧峰惞杩(😍)涙潵銆p

鍓(🍅)嶅嚑澶殑(qíng )鏃跺欙(léi )紝鍎(🚎)(tú )垮鍘讳(💍)笂浜嗕竴(🌛)澶彮(yǒng )锛屼(wù )笅鍗堝洖(🧕)鏉氨(ān )瀵规垜(📓)璇达細濂规湁(🤭)鐐瑰(♎)鐤硷紝闂风殑鎱屻傛垜(🆓)璁璧剁揣閲忎綋(❌)娓(🗓)紝濂(🌒)归噺瀹岃鏄74掳(lǔ )锛屽閲(🐞)岃繕鏈夊瓩濂(🕙)(lián )冲拰(📮)瀛欏瓙锛屾垜淇績閲(🗯)屾湁浜(bāng )涘鎬曪(luǒ )紝(🥉)鎴戣濂瑰(guī(🚌) )緟鍦嚜宸辩(biàn )殑鎴块(🔁)棿鍒嚭鏉紝鍙(🚓)嶆閲岄潰鏈夋礂(〰)婕遍棿(🥝)锛屾垜缁(zī )欓佹按閫侀銆p

灏辫繖鏍峰(🤱)鍚冧簡(🌲)涓鐨勬劅鍐(wǎn )掕嵂锛(📜)岀涓夊濂瑰(guī(🏉) )氨(ān )鍑烘潵璇(🐴)达細鍏跺疄浣撴(😺)(dū(🌟)n )俯涓鐩存病(bìng )瓒(🥚)呰繃(🚂)374掳(lǔ )锛岀浜屽灏67掳(⏬)浜嗭紝浣撴俯楂樺(huà )彲(🔨)鑳(jiàn )芥(⛑)槸鐑殑锛屽姞涓婂(🐊)幓涓婄彮(😩)鍚鍒板閮芥槸(🏇)馃悘鐨勶紝鏈(liàn )変簺绱(shàng )紶閫犳(zhuó(😋) )垚鐨勩p

鐜板湪鐨勫皬(🎪)鍖(🔀)虹壒鍒瘋闈欙(🏳)(léi )紝鏃櫄涔熸病鏁鐨(🙂)勪簡(jiǎn )锛岃(yen )繛涓汉(hàn )褰变篃鐪嬩笉鍒帮(🍜)紝鎴(💼)戜滑鍦涔熶笉鏁嚭(🚱)闂紝鏍搁吀涔熶笉鏁(🍄)嚭(🐖)鍘诲仛浜嗐傛瘡(🍶)澶彧鑳藉潗鍦槼(guī(🐂) )鍙扮湅(🤴)澶(😵)栭潰鐨勯鏅紝瀛欏璇(🌹)达細闈掕洐鍧(🌭)愪簳瑙傚锛屾(shēn )垜浠(♍)槸(🔂)鍧愬湪(🎋)妤兼埧鐨勯槼鍙(🛂)(hù(💚) )颁笂(wán )瑙傚銆p

4銆label鍝堝皵婊(😐)(biǎo )繖渚嬬編鍥(🧔)藉洖(🥑)鏉殑闊煇锛浼7鐢氳嚦鏇h3

鍙互闆嗕綋(😏)(hóng )璧疯(🕑)瘔锛佷絾鏄毦锛(🚥)p

闊煇閬靛畧(🍊)浜嗛殧(jiù )绂(fú )昏瀹h1

鎴戜滑鍏堢湅浜嬫(🤨)儏鐨勪(😐)富(fù(🎛) )绾匡細

鍝堝(👱)皵婊(⛔)(biǎo )煩鏌鏈(lià(🏤)n )9鏃粠缇庡浗(qiú )鎶(🚮)佃揪鍝堝(🛋)皵(què )婊紝鎸夌収鏈夊叧瑙勫(💕)(fān )畾锛岄煩鏌(💕)愯瀹夋(🥂)帓鍦閲岃(🦀)嚜涓(juān )婚殧绂汇傛湁浜哄彲鑳戒細鏈夌枒闂紝涓轰粈涔堣瀹(yuè )夋帓鍦閲岄殧绂伙(huǒ )紵(🦃)涓轰粈涔堜(🕗)(liàn )笉(🔲)鏄泦(jú )涓殧绂伙紵纭疄锛屽亣(dà )璁炬(jù )槸闆嗕腑(fǔ )闅旂(🔃)涔熻涓嶄細(㊗)閫(kǔn )犳垚(yáo )鐜板(🖤)湪(tuàn )杩欑(😧)琚姩鐨勫眬闈紝鐒惰屾牴(dī(🤯) )鎹瀹氾紝3鏈(📭)9鏃(zú )墠鍙湁(👅)浠庢(zhì )剰澶(🎞)(chán )埄銆佷紛鏈椼侀煩鍥姐佹棩鏈(👸)潵(sàn )鍗庣殑浜哄(hǒng )憳鎵嶈瀹夋帓鈥(😊)滈泦涓殧绂(fú(🚊) )烩濓紝鍏朵粬鍦板尯鏉(shòu )崕浜哄(hǒng )憳鈥滃(🥛)眳瀹堕殧绂烩濓紝鎵浠簨鎯呭阀灏卞阀鍚堝(wō )湪杩欓噷锛(🚢)屽亣璁鹃煩(🍍)(fán )鏌愭帹(🌭)杩熶竴澶洖鍥(⏹)藉氨濂戒簡锛p

• 319鍥(🕙)炲浗(qiú )锛(🔕)span鎸夌収瑙(❕)勫畾闅(wén )旂14澶紝鍒扮11澶椂锛(☕)岄煩鏌(🆑)愭(qí )娴媗gM鍜(xiá )宭gG鍧(♌)囦负(🔰)闃(🤺)存紱
  

• 43鏃殧绂绘(🚊)湡婊椂(lù )锛岄煩(🔏)鏌愭(qí(💰) )娴嬫牳閰镐负闃存span锛岃嚦姝(shū )4澶殧绂荤粨鏉燂紝(rèn )闊煇琚闄殧绂伙紱
  

• 4鏈鏃span閮煇鏄庯紙(zhǐ )娉剰锛屼笉鏄煩鏌愶級纭瘖(🍅)锛屽(àn )崼(🐔)鍋婧簮(zā(🔸)n )锛屽彂鐜span闊煇鍜屾(㊗)浌(🦑)鏌愶紙鏇规(🌲)煇(⛵)涓嬫枃浼氳鍒帮級(jí )鍙兘涓烘(⛅)(hōng )簮澶达紝閬(lá(⏱)ng )傚啀娆闊煇(🤟)杩涜浜嗕(🧞)袱娆娴嬶紝缁撴灉lgM鍛堢幇闃存紝lgG鍛(🚁)堢幇闃虫(📱)紝闊煇(huí(♐) )纭瘖銆(🈷)span
  

1閭(lǘ )綘鏇规煇鏄(🛄)皝鍛紵(zhù )鏇规(🥦)煇鏄煩鏌愮殑(qíng )涓(🔑)婁笅妤奸偦灞咃紝閮(🥁)芥(⏰)槸(📺)闊煇鐨(⬇)勫鏈嬪弸(💞)锛堢帇鏌愯嫇锛夛(🎷)紒鐩墠(chǎn )宸崇粡(🤭)鏄棤鐥(🍜)囩姸鎰熸煋鑰咃紒

2杩欐牱鐨勮瘽閮煇鏄庡張鏄庢湯鐐庣棁鎰熸(🍌)煋(xīng )鐨勫憿锛熷緢绠鍗曞晩锛屾浌鏌愮殑(🗨)濡堝涓洪儹鏌(mò(📐) )愭槑(🗣)(méi )濂虫湅鍙(hù )嬶紒鐩墠鏇规煇濡堝涔熸棤鐥囩姸鎰熸(jiān )煋鑰(🕛)(yào )咃紒(🚗)(jì )

3閮(tíng )煇鏄(👏)庢偅鐥呮椂涔嬪(pín )墠(⏭)锛屼笉(qǐ(🌬)n )鍔(🍲)鑹蹭(🚲)笌浠(⏩)栦汉涓(🏔)娆湅(🍌)鍙嬭(🐽)仛椁愶紝(rèn )鎴(👬)栦娇鐥呰弻鎰(🈂)熸煋澶(chán )氫汉锛屽悓鏃跺叾姣嶄翰(🍁)琚(🚆)細浼犳煋涔嬪悗锛(🛃)屽張涓(juān )娆(⭐)洜鑴(🔯)戝(cái )崚(lí(🏜)ng )涓綇(xiǔ )闄不鐤楋紝鍙堟劅(zhú )鏌撶値鐥囦(🔅)簡鍏朵粬(qū )鎮(🤲)呭強(🤞)瀹(🛶)跺睘銆p

鑰屼粖(mò )锛岀(chū(😪) )洰鍓嶅洜涓洪煩鏌愬啀鍥炲浗宸查(👢)犳垚(🏎)17浜烘劅鏌(mò )撶値(zhí )鐥(shà(🈺)n )囷紒

1銆(🍪)label鐨勫閫(🍨)熼(🧡)掍(🔪)负浠(xī(🌮) )涔堟崲涓(✒)(juān )昏(👔)(hūn )

灏辩洰鍓嶇殑鎯(láng )呭喌寰堟槑鏄撅紝鏄粠鍗(♓)敓閮(🌛)棬(juàn )鍜屼睛瀵熸満(👱)鍏(🎒)崇殑(🚎)璋冩煡锛岄(🌫)煩鏌愬湪闅旂鏈(liàn )熼棿(ní )鏈(🕢)笉鍙兘鍙(🐪)戠(zhí )敓閲嶅鐨勬崯澶变弗閲嶈繚鍙嶉殧绂荤(📿)矇搴曟(chén )硶寰嬭(📧)瀹氱殑琛(chēn )屼负锛屽洜姝闊煇娉曢櫌(🆎)璧疯瘔鎰忎箟(jun4 )涓嶆(🐅)槸(➗)寰堝(🌯)銆p

浣嗭紝鎴戜滑鐗(jiān )瑰埆(🚕)娉剰鍒帮(🏇)紝(🚠)閮(tíng )煇鏄庡拰鐜嬫煇鑻撶瀹(🆒)炲瓨鍦搫鎰忛(🍘)殣鐬掕(👥)涓猴紒

鎴(xí )戜滑(👇)鐗瑰埆娉剰(shèng )鍒帮(bāng )紝閮煇(✴)鏄庡湪(🎺)鍑虹幇鍙戠儳鐥囩姸鍚(🦍)庡悓瀛仛椁愶紝骞朵笌鐜(🕷)嬫煇鑻(pàn )撳埢鎰忛殣鐬掍簡鍏29鏃(🏯)悓浜(🥪)嬭仛椁愮殑(⛏)浜嬪疄(lín )锛(🐵)p

鐩墠(🥓)(chǎn )閮(🚄)(tí(📿)ng )煇鏄庡強(qiá(🥤)ng )鐜嬫煇鑻撳(🚧)洜娑(🌺)夊珜璇(xuán )堥獥(🍎)闅愮瀿浜嬪疄(🛍)璋庢姤(😷)鐥(🤘)呮(🐓)儏銆佹梾灞呭彶(🌮)銆佸瘑鍒囨帴瑙汉(🏂)鍛樼(zhēn )瓑(lì )淇伅宸茶(💼)鍏畨鏈哄叧鎿嶇旱锛屾槸鍚(yáng )渶瑕佹壙(♋)(kuà(🍞)ng )褰撴硶寰嬭矗(📊)浠(🙈)汇佸煄灏(👭)变細(🍇)鎵挎(📌)媴璐换浠涔堝鏍风殑娉曞緥璐换杩樻(🍍)湁寰(🍓)呮敼杩(🚵)涜繘(🐟)涓姝皟鏌p

2銆label鏂(🔊)板啝鑲虹(🎙)値琚瘉瀹(yuè )炵(🌙)殑(qíng )涓(juān )嶅疄浼犻椈閮芥湁鍝簺

闃叉帶(🍯)璐换(huàn )鏃犲灏忥紝鐜板湪(🕦)寰(huá(👙)n )楀埌(làng )鐨勯(🌅)槻鎺垚缁彧鏄殏(🧒)鏃剁殑锛岃繖鍥(🚉)炰簨浠朵篃鎻愰啋鍚勭渷甯(níng )傦紝瑕佷竴鐩翠繚鎸佽鎯曪紝缁(zī )画澶綆闃叉帶鍔涘害锛(⏪)屾柇(hé )鐒舵嫆缁濆舰寮忎(🉑)富涔夛(🐙)紝瑕佺湡姝滀(🎫)粠绌(👯)轰腑钀戒笅鈥(huǒ )濓紒

璇勮缁(🙉)欎綘鐐(👜)逛釜(🚹)璧烇紝鑵扮紶(qū )涓(juā(🙎)n )囪(🛠)疮锛涗簡瑙(🕋)佸垬锛岃秺鍔(🔲)犵墰銆p